For most of human existence the modern, say over the 50,000 to 100,000 last years, if we saw something flying under its own power, it was a bird, a block or an insect – perhaps a fox ” flight “fish or” flight “if you want to stretch things a bit. Relatively few of these feature prominently in the mythology of any culture. The blocks may have an association with vampires, but your average common garden – bird variety is usually taken for granted – unless they were huge in size and like humans for lunch.

If there is almost a universal thing in mythology Native American giant birds, the birds of the monster, even Thunderbird (which has been adopted as a brand for many products not to mention the name of an exhibition of cinema TV with secondary connected). Now in addition to actual observations of these winged monstrosities, there’s nothing all that unusual about a giant flying creatures in mythology. What sets these “birds” apart is that they like to snack often on the natives – such as takeaways, do not eat inside. Is there any explanation for the natural terrestrial birds carrying human beings, as a crow takes a kernel of corn? Or, one might have to resort to another, and perhaps more explanation artificial extraterrestrial?

Mythological monster “birds” of the Americas

Dragons: While primarily related to the Old World (Europe, Far East, etc..), The dragons have some, although less known link in the new world of the Americas, perhaps a bit more in the appearance of snakes, which is undertaking a ‘ tortuous appearance. This is especially so with respect to the feathered serpent known (actually sounds more like a bird) Quetzalcoatl, an Aztec deity central, but well known in the Mayan culture and other Mesoamerican civilizations and the initial mystery, the Olmecs.

However, we have the Piasa bird is described as a dragon in a Native American Indian mural above the modern Mississippi River near Alton, Illinois. He thought that the originals were made by way of the Cahokia Indians before any white settlers arrived in their territory. Their graphic images of animals, birds such as hawks, the bird-men and serpents (snakes enormous) were common, as was the Thunderbird icon. According to a local professor who lives in the area in the 1830′s, John Russell, the Piasa bird represented in the mural was a huge bird that lived in the area and attacked and ate the locals who have lived in several Indian villages in the area. He apparently got a taste for human flesh after washing the human carrion (dead).

Thunderbirds & reports: These beasties are almost universal in Indian mythology and Native American ancestry is what carries a lot of similar characteristics. They tend to be very large birds that are seen as the personification of thunder (the beating of their wings) and flash and all things stormy, a sort of Zeus or Thor, but with wings, matrices, a beak and feathers. The Native Americans believed that the giant Thunderbird could shoot lightning from its eyes. Say what? Even more odd is that Thunderbird has often teeth in its beak. We’ve all heard the phrase “rare as hen’s teeth” – which is good because modern birds are toothless.

The Thunderbirds have also been associated with the great spirits so common in Indian lore. They were servants of these gods and apparently acted as a messenger-boys (sorry, messenger-birds) – a kind of carrier pigeon larger than normal – of transport communications between these various great spirits. The Thunderbirds have been associated with the weather as we have seen and also with water. Now an interesting parallel is that the dragons in the Old World are often seen as intermediaries between the gods and humanity (sort of carrier pigeons still like) and they have some control over the weather and the water was a common feature as well.

So, this mythical bird monster is common during the Indian legends. There was really a case that looked like Thunderbird giant eagle that was big enough and powerful enough to carry a whale in its talons. Say what again? According to the Makah people of the coast of north-west, Thunderbird has retained a village from famine tearing of a whale from the Pacific Ocean to the community and giving it to feed off of, giving the village the food that lasts several weeks. This would be an American example of a case of the manna from heaven? Now, no bird could actually carry even a small whale in its beak or arrays, so there must be another explanation.

I have previously referred to as the Navajos have associated the rock of the ship (or Shiprock) in New Mexico with a legend that says that they were driven “by a flying rock” (rock the boat) provided by their great spirit to escape their enemies from North High. The Navajos, in other legends, have associated the rock with the presence of the ship “of bird monsters or monsters that preyed on the reef and feed on human flesh and Zunis of the Navajo. I wonder if that could be a disturbing story of UFO abduction.

Related are the stories of the Yaqui people around the region of NW Sonora, Mexico. The Yaqui legends tell of the birds around the huge mountain of bones than men, women and children carried off.

There is a petroglyph at Puerco Pueblo (or village) located in the Petrified Forest National Park a huge bird with a human being suspended in the air from its beak. If we assume the man is of average height, say 5 ’6 “tall, so the bird, regular, is approximately 13′ 9″ tall. That is a very big bird! The petroglyph was carved in stone many, many hundreds on hundreds of years ago by the ancestors of the Hopis, perhaps by Anasazis lost.

When the Thunderbirds, scholars of mythology strongly suggest that this creature is just the beautification of the California condors, eagles, or teratorns extinct. However, to my way of thinking, is not usually associated with thunder and lightning birds (ie – storms). Now you can see the birds ride the thermals that may precede a storm, but you tend to see the birds out and about in stormy weather – seek shelter from the elements too. However, many tribes like the Lakota Sioux and the Ojibwa of the Great Lakes region make the connection between these Thunderbirds and lightning in particular. Perhaps the association with something flying and thunder and lightning suggests something a bit more technology!

I mean something that can serve as a carrier pigeon of the monster among the gods, raise heavy weights, to abduct humans (occurring in many Indian legends) and shoot lightning bolts out of biology does not sound like me, rather than anything artificial. Now maybe all these legends of giant birds of seizure and eaters of men are nothing more than an eagle or a condor secluded and dangerous with too much testosterone in its system, feeling threatened, attacked an Indian and how the only fish that have received away, the bird just grew and got embellished and have grown some more and got even more embellished until it has reached ridiculous proportions and skills. Well maybe.

Monster real “birds” of the Americas

Pterosaurs and pterodactyls: These beasties were not really Birds of a Feather, winged reptiles, and rather just slip or (flight) that belong way back in effect “at the age of reptiles” – the Mesozoic era. The largest of these discovered (so far) was Quetzalcoatlus, obviously named after the goddess of the Mesoamerican feathered serpent. Quetza-the child has had a wingspan of 36 to 40 feet and just might be able to snack on a human being. However, the pterosaurs and pterodactyls all went kaput by the end of the Mesozoic – Q-boy actually made it through to the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million years ago. Alas, that was at least 64 million years before anything resembling humans walked the planet as a food source. While Native Americans were probably aware of these fossil reptiles of the flight, they did not have nothing to fear from them in terms of being snack-food.

Terror birds: Well, these are actually terror existed in the Americas and for a moment was probably contemporary with the earliest humans in the Americas. Though mainly survive to and thrive in South America, some have transformed through the isthmus of Panama land bridge to Central and North America about 3 million years ago. The most recent of them is now thought to have gone extinct about 1.8 million years ago, long before humans arrived on the scene.

But even the human beings and the birds were contemporary assumption of terror, because terror? Well, these crow-on-steroids were as high as ten feet and after you have been able to gallop at speeds up to about 37 miles per hour. The relatives of these monsters with their beaks and large arrays also have been found in Texas and Florida and presumable has filled in between the gap region. So, if the natives were afraid, very afraid? Well, in this case the upper apex predators may have finally succumbed to being human as prey birds of terror, with the rest of North, Central and South American mega-fauna went extinct so fast enough after the smart- humans appeared on the scene. Now human beings, whether contemporary, you probably do not engage in combat of m – Wing with these ungodly prey, but rather found their eggs as a food supplement handy-dandy breakfast to their die- E-gatherer of berries goes. Alas, no hatchlings of birds of terror of the child, then no birds of terror. In any case, the birds were flightless terror, as the Emus, cassowaries, ostriches, and kiwis, not to mention their cousins ​​the extinct moa and the dodos. So, birds of terror does not fit our description of the birds that fly and capture human beings out of the ground and they believe their young.

Condors & giant reported: The Andean condor at 11 to 15 kilograms (24 – 33 pounds) is currently the Guinness Book of Records for being the support of the member feathered flight of America’s largest clans avian, at least with respect to a wingspan of approximately 10 to 12 feet. The California condor from 7 to 14 kilograms (15 – 31 pounds) is a very close second with around ten foot wingspans. Then too there were [teratorns the Pleistocene Ice Age], which weigh in at 15 kilograms – 23 kilograms (33 – 50 pounds), which resemble huge birds of prey eagles with wingspans from 12 to 17 feet across.

In general, of wandering albatross has the same level as the Andean condor for the title “King of the wingspan” (up to 11 feet for the great albatrosses), but it is not a common sight in North America – then or hours. There are several varieties of the North Pacific to reach the western coast of North America, but because these are sea birds, shellfish feeding on carrion, although cleaning when on land (islands at a distance) for breeding purposes. The probability that Native American Indians would have noticed the albatross as a normal part of their environment was not common except those who live right on the Pacific Ocean.

Now the sixty-four hundredth of the questions are, can one or more of the above represent the eyewitness versions of the monster’s birds that steal their comrades in arms? Well any sane person would eliminate the dragons and the Thunderbirds – is mythological and therefore do not exist. One can not witness the non-existence. Pterosaurs became extinct pterodactyls and long before humans were thought up in anyone’s philosophy. Birds of terror could not fly and were probably not truly contemporary with humans in any case. The Condors, while large, are not big enough. Mean that an average human being should be large enough to pierce the lights right out of the condor and certainly humans are too large to be carried across the threshold of the condor.

The Condors (Andean or Californians) are really vultures, and so scavengers, feeding primarily on carrion, although preferring the big ones like to carcasses of cattle. Should eat while on the ground and often silly stuffs when it finds a suitable meal that can not, for a moment, lift itself off the ground. This is just a bird is likely to be the source of American Indian mythology disequestro, even if the characteristics of the bird certainly in Native American mythology. However, because the condor is an endangered species, the bird has had more reason to fear and it makes sense to the natives that the other way around.

The teratorns extinct, however, were contemporary with humans (Amerindians), but while large enough to cause more difficulty enough for a human infant, there is no evidence to suggest that overall, human beings was probably more hunters who look for when the crunch crunch came.

However, even at a weight of fifty pounds and a wingspan of 17 feet, a teratorn could actually pick up and transported an adult human, with a weight of say at least twice or three times that of the prey? The fossil evidence suggests that small mammals, carrion and even fish have been their usual means of livelihood. Since the Native Americans say it is so – at least according to their mythology – you have to ask whether or not a 50-pound bird, which of course could carry its own weight and probably a bit more through the air, could actually fly with 100 to 150 pounds the payload? That is 150 to 200 pounds that everything is carrying on the bird. Now that is quite a big ask.

Has anyone seen an owl or an eagle or other bird of prey flight carry off the spoils 2:00 to 3:00 times its own weight? Now might be a very big thing for a bird to take it (especially if you failed and wrestling) and to carry out while in contact with the earth, like birds of terror, at least for a short sense because after all you are still very heavy compared to the bird. But it’s quite another cauldron of fish so that a bird to fly and really take it with you on foot and without any ground support at all. The flying (flapping wings) is very energy intensive with the best of times (we’ve all seen birds gliding in the way to conserve energy), very trying to lift up the wings and ground with twice or three times its weight normal body to fight with.

Now we have all seen wildlife documentaries show that a large carnivorous bird swooping low over the water and then grabbing a fish from water confidence with their respective plates. Now that the fish can even be larger and heavier than the bird itself, but the prey can not be that much bigger and certainly not two times larger and heavier than the Predator. The bird, so near the water, can not afford to be dragged down by extra weight uncontrollably in the water – then it’s bye-bye bird.

Moving back to the ground, and birds can attack prey much larger than themselves the prey. The bones of these great animals of prey have been found in nests or lairs of prey. Could attack the eagle, deer or fawn. The deer can not really defend himself very well out in the open. But that’s not to say that the eagle can really carry off the carcass of the deer whole, rather it is going to rip off chunks at a time and carry it back to the nest-style removable. If you do not supply young people could eat on the spot just inside, just tossing away if threatened by the appearance of larger scavengers.

In human terms, a human being may be able to fit a normal average life two times its body weight but just can not be expected to run an obstacle course that carries it. Half the weight of a human body, perhaps, but not twice three times a lot.

Now more periods “modern”, there have been some sightings of giant birds and other unknown – critters that are part of the kingdom of the study called Cryptozoology. Looking on (1850 to date) cryptozoological literature “modern”, the majority of sightings turn out to be ordinary birds from their territory, however, perhaps seen as normal and somewhat unfamiliar to the viewer. The majority of bird species remain unexplained and unverified usually too small to be the kind of critter you’re looking for. The sightings of the monster’s birds, while there, they have never made the kind of data that would confirm their reality. No manure, no feathers, no carcass, no bones. The birds of unknown monster, even if they exist, are working to hide inside the habitat, in fact you probably have functioned as a living space environment as possible. If you do not have now will probably never be confirmed. In addition, all North American birds unknown, monster or otherwise, would have long since been fired from heaven by the Americans who are trigger-happy.

Conclusions: There was no bird of flight that is or was contemporary with humans (such as the American Indian) capable of lifting up and transport out of anything except maybe a small child, certainly not adults. The birds are flying light weights – must be to get up in the air. The largest flightless predatory birds (terror birds) were probably able to run down, catch and lift on adult humans, but on that are not what the legends describe. But in a technologically unsophisticated Native American, living hundreds thousands of years ago, a UFO abduction event could only have meaning in their natural action plan, Thunderbird.

One calorie is a quantity of energy. While energy can be in various forms that are interchangeable, his form most familiar to most people is hot. Then one calorie is generally regarded as a certain number of heat. However, exactly how much heat as intended?

Ask a chemist then you will get one answer, but ask a nutritionist then you will get different answers. And troublesome, their answers do not resemble each other: one calorie a thousand times larger than the other units. As if,  people call kilometers, others consider it a meter so it does not mistaken, you have to know who is called “calories”.

Until now there has been no signs that the chemist and nutritionist will seek agreement; each feel established in their own ways. Then the world had to have two units of calories. Calories chemists, who should we call gram calorie, is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water (approximately 20 drops) as much as one degree Celsius. But that energy is very small, then the nutritionists use a food calorie, which is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one thousand grams of water by one degree Celsius. So, one food calorie gram calorie equal to one thousand.

In order not to confuse the readers of this article, I will use the calories with a ‘k’ lowercase for gram calorie and “K” letter to big calorie food. So, if you find both on the same page, it’s not necessarily a typo. After all, you can tell which one is meant by the context of the relevant literature.

ABSTRACT
Learning in preschool children should be unified or integrated. The introduction of science in pre-school children should be integrated with other fields such as mathematics, or other social activities. Introducing science to children means helping the child to perform a simple experiment that can connect cause and effect of a treatment. The experiment will also help children to start thinking logically. Introducing science to preschoolers through a fun game can with the material surrounding the child. The introduction of science in preschool children with more emphasis on process rather than product. Therefore, in playing science children are taught to use all senses as possible, so that in the process of playing serve targeted children can find answers of a play activity.

INTRODUCTION
Child’s life can not be separated from science, creativity and social activity. Eating, drinking, using various objects in the home such as radio, TV, and the calculator can not be separated from science and technology. Therefore, teachers should be able to stimulate the children with various activities related to science and technology. For that, a teacher needs to learn scientific concepts and ways of teaching.

The introduction of science to pre-school children with more emphasis on process rather than product. For preschoolers science process skills should be done in a simple while playing. Science activities allow children to explore the various objects, both living things and inanimate matter are nearby. Children learn to identify symptoms of objects and events symptoms of these objects.

Science also train children to use the five senses to recognize the various symptoms of objects and phenomena events. Children are trained to see, touch, smell, feel and hear. The more senses involved in learning, children increasingly understand what is learned. Children acquire new knowledge penginderaanya results with various objects that are nearby. The knowledge gained will be useful as a capital to think about. Through the process of science, the child can perform a simple experiment. The experiment is to train children to connect cause and effect of a treatment that trains children to think logically.

In learning science, children also practice using measuring instruments to take measurements. Gauge starts from non-standard measuring devices, such as span, fathoms or feet. Furthermore, children practice using a standard measuring tool. Children gradually practiced using stuan that will allow them to think logically and rationally. Thus science is also developing the intellectual abilities of children.

SCIENCE and its application
Products include science facts, concepts, theories, principles and laws. For preschool children the facts and simple concepts can be learned through play activities. For example, through water play, children watch the water and doing various experiments on water such as throwing, pouring, enter and retrieve objects in various ways. From these activities children learn the properties of water. Children may be aware that water can flow from one place to another. Water can be poured from one place to another. Children find objects sink and others float.

Application of science in everyday life embodied in the form of technologies work. Radios, washing machines, TVs, computers, lights and HP are examples of the work of a very useful technology in everyday life. Preschoolers are always curious how these objects work. Children want to know the contents of the radio. They think in radio there are people who can speak or sing. Similarly with television. Children will be surprised if you see a disassembled radio and saw it was not. That is why in nursing education for early childhood abroad is always displaying the radio, television or other simple machines, which opened for the child to know its contents. Many of the companies that provide car and motorcycle engines that have been halved so that children can know the technology works.

The knowledge gained will be useful as a capital child thinking. Through science, children can perform simple experiments. The experiment is to train children to connect cause and effect of a treatment that trains children to think logically.

Signs SCIENCE ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN
Introduction of science activities for preschoolers should be adjusted to the child’s developmental level. Teachers / educators should not cram science concepts to children, but provide learning activities that allow children to find their own facts and simple concepts. Experimental Learning Theory of Carl Rogermengisyaratkan importance of learning in accordance with the wishes and needs of children. According to the child naturally with the capacity and willingness to learn. Function is to facilitate and assist educators so that children can learn optimally. According to Piaget (1972) preschool children aged 4-6 years are at pre-development phase to operational and concrete operational. For that scientific activity should be tailored to the developmental level and characteristics of the child.
The following are signs that can become a reference in learning science:

1. Concrete
Objects that used to play in the learning activities are concrete objects (real). Educators are not recommended for children crammed with abstract concepts. Educators should provide a variety of objects and other necessary facilities so that children can find sendirri concept.

2. Causal relationship is directly visible
Children aged 5-6 years is still difficult to link cause and effect is not seen directly because their minds that are transduktif. Children can not connect cause and effect is not visible directly. If children see the events directly, making the children are able to know the causality that occurred. Science is rich in activities to train children to connect cause and effect.

3. Allows children to explore
Science activities should allow children to explore the various objects that are nearby. Educators can bring interesting objects and phenomena into the classroom. For example the teacher presents mother cat with her child, or a caterpillar will pupate. Akn child feel good attention and behavioral changes that occur to the animal. Playing with water, magnets, balloons, noise or shadows will make the children very happy. Children will also be able to use almost all of his senses to conduct exploration or investigation.

4. Allows children menkonstruksi own knowledge.
Science does not train children to remember the various objects, but to train children to construct knowledge based on the object. Therefore the introduction of scientific activity is not enough to tell the definition or the names of objects, but allows children to interact directly with objects and acquire knowledge in various senses of that object. Therefore it is not very appropriate if the child introduces a variety of objects through drawings or models. Children need a real object.

5. Allows child to answer the question “what” rather than “why”
Limitations of the child causes the child to connect cause and effect is difficult to answer the question “why”. The question must be answered to the logic of cause and effect thinking. If children play with water in pipal and children were asked “what would happen if the end of the pipe is raised?”. Child can answer, “water will flow through the other end is lower.” Unnecessary child asked “why, if the tip is raised, the water will multiply into the lower end”? It will not be answered by the children. Often children translate the question ‘why’ with ‘for what’, so the question of why would be answered “in order” or “order”.

6. Emphasizes the process rather than product
Conduct exploration activities with objects will be very fun for kids. Children do not brfikir what the outcome. Therefore, teachers do not have to cram son with various concepts of science or require a child to produce something from the children’s activities. Let the children naturally find different understanding of the interaction play with various objects. In other words, the process is more important than the product.

7. Allows children use language and math
The introduction of science should be integrated ddengan other disciplines, such as language, mathematics, art and or character. Through a child’s exploration of the science object. Children can tell the results of its exploration to his friend (the language). Children take measurements, using numbers, and read numbers (mathematics). Children can also describe the object being observed and meawarnai drawing (art). Children are also taught to love the environment or surrounding objects (budipekerti).

8. Presents interesting activities (the wondwer of science)
Science presents a variety of interesting experiments like magic. Children who still have magical thinking (/ imagical reasoning) would be very interested in the miracle. For example the milk mixed with soapy water and given three kinds of food coloring, and stir. Manmbahkan soda with a little water, children will see the water foaming and bubbles like boiling, water colorful displays of interest.

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ACTIVITIES
There are several materials science that is appropriate for preschool children mainly aged 5-6 years. Learning science topics should be more give first-hand experience (first-hand experience) to the child, instead of studying the concept of an abstract saians. Besides learning science should develop kemampuana observation, classification, measurement, using numbers and identify the causal relationship. The materials include:

1. Know of motion
Children love to play with objects that can moves, twisting, rolling, bouncy, or sag. There beberpa activities to introduce children to movement, among others:
a. Roll and shape of objects
This material will awaken the child causes the onset of movement on the object. The slope of the board, slilidris and box shapes, smooth surface roughness influence the speed of movement. This material can also be trained powers of observation.
b. Rolling and object size
Play by rolling objects of various sizes will help students to recognize that large and small, the severity of an object affects the motion of the object. Meteri also trained powers of observation in children.

2. Know the liquid
Playing with water is one of the joys of children. Educators can steer the game so that children can have a wide experience on the water. Water constantly adjust its shape to the shape of the container. Water flows from a higher place to lower place yng or from a place of high pressure to low pressure place. N Various activities with less water, among others:
a. Conservation of volume
This activity is a way to train children to understand the content or volume of liquid. Pre-operational child can not understand conservation of volume (Piaget 1972). Therefore, introducing children to the vessel to be filled will help children understand conservation of volume. As he filled a large bottle, and then move into a smaller bottle and sebalaiknya, children learn to use numbers to calculate the amount of water that is inserted into the bottle. Children will also be trained to understand the sense of more and less. This activity should be done outside the classroom. In order not to get wet, the child should be asked to wear a plastic vest.
b. Sinking and floating
This activity can be done in class or outside class. If in class, give the plastic mat and paper so that water does not mmbasahi place. The purpose of this activity is that children are given the experience that there is an existing sink objects that float. Children often think of small-sized objects floating and sinking large. Sinking or floating is not determined by the size of the object but rather by the density of objects. .
c. Create floating objects
The purpose of this activity addalah to introduce to the children that the submerged object can be made floating. From this activity the child will also understand, why the heavy boat can float.
d. Soluble and insoluble.
Some things dissolve into the water and some will not. Sugar, salt and color to the tea dissolves in water so it will form a solution. If the solution is left, it will form a precipitate, unless all the water evaporated. Another object is not soluble in water, such as flour, sand and oil. If the object is mixed with water it will not form a solution, but form a mixture. Homogeneous mixture is not visible and if deposited, it will show the existence of sediment.
e. Running water
Water flows from a high to a lower place due to gravity. Water from the lower places can be streamed to a more high-pressure by adding, for example with a water pump. Children love to play with the water flow and gain firsthand experience that will be useful for studying science.
f. Knowing the nature of various liquids
Through these activities children are introduced that the liquid was varied, not just water. Liquid objects also have different properties.

3. Knowing scales (balance)
Balance is very good to train anakmenghubungkan causation because the results will appear in langsung.jika scales load on one arm in the plus, then the burden will fall. Similarly, if the load in sliding away from the axis. Various different types of objects have mass. Cotton and sponge has a density of less than iron and stone, stone and iron though small in size but will be heavier than cotton or sponge.

4. Playing a soap bubble
Children love to play with soap bubbles. By adding a tablespoon of glycerin to two liters of water, soap solution, will diperoleeh amazing soap solution that can be used to form a giant bubble, window glass, or any other form of foam ..

5. Recognize objects Resilience
Objects of rubber in general memuliki flexibility so it can bounce if dropped. Thus pulla object of curry filled the air, are like basketball, volleyball and plastic balls. Children are very happy bermin with these objects.

6. Know Your Animals
Animals are creatures that appeal to children being able to respond to stimuli. Dogs, for example, able to restore objects thrown bnda owners. The kitten will chase and pounce on moving objects. Although still under debate in terms of sanaitasi and hygiene, maintaining a pet can develop a sense of love and affection in children. Through animal children will learn a lot about these creatures. Therefore in the nagara-developed countries, the zoo is equipped with a corner of science (science center) where children can interact with a benign and star net while study them. There are several advantages obtained by the child when interacting with animals. First, children learn to recognize and appreciate living things, he learned that living things need food, shelter and affection. Second, children learn to love an animal that will eventually menumuhkan compassion on the creatures.

There are still a lot of material that can help children recognize familiar with science, including their own bodies. Teachers can develop their own phenomena exist and are happening around the child. Including plants that are around them.

Uranium is a mineral that emits nuclear radiation or radioactive, used in various fields of one of them is as a nuclear fuel. Uranium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol U and atomic number 92. A heavy metals, toxic, silvery-white color and naturally radioactive, uranium belongs to the actinide series (actinide series). Uranium is usually present in small amounts in rocks, soil, water, plants, and animals (including humans).

Uranium has three isotopes:
- U234 very small levels
- U235 levels of 0.715 = 0.7%
- U238 levels of 99.285 = 99.3%
U235 isotope is used as fuel for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons.

Uranium has the physical properties are typical:
- Found in nature in the form of UO U3O or yellowish-green and dark brown.
- When exposed to ultra violet light, the fluorescence of uranium would give off light that is very beautiful

In nuclear physics, a nuclear reaction is a process in which two nuclei or nuclear particles collide, to produce different results from the initial product. In principle a reaction can involve more than two particles collide, but the incident is very rare. When the particles collide and separate without change (except perhaps in the energy level), this process is called a collision and not a reaction.

Known two nuclear reactions, namely nuclear fusion reactions and nuclear fission reactions. Nuclear fusion reaction is the fusion reaction of two or more nuclei into atoms and generate new energy, also known as a clean reaction. Nuclear fission is the splitting reaction of atomic nuclei by the impact of other atomic nuclei, and generate new energy and atomic mass is smaller, as well as electromagnetic radiation. Fusion reaction also produces alpha radiation, beta and gamma that are dangerous to humans.

Examples of nuclear fusion reaction is the reaction that occurs in almost all core stars in the universe. Weapons are also utilizing the principle of hydrogen bomb uncontrolled fusion reaction. Examples of fission is a nuclear weapon explosions and nuclear power plants.

The element that is often used in nuclear fission reactions is plutonium and uranium (primarily plutonium-239, Uranium-235), whereas in nuclear fusion reactions are Lithium and Hydrogen (particularly Lithium-6, Deuterium, Tritium).

Bootlace worm is one of several hundred species of flat worm that belong to a group known as the Nemertea. Most inhabit the oceans, while some live in freshwater.

Most of them are just a few inches to several feet long. But bootlace just keeps going and going and going. It can grow to 30 feet or more, and the longest more than 150 feet. They are found in waters around Western Europe. They are often found on the ground, writhing under the rocks and on sand.

Bootlace worms feed through a tube known as a proboscis. When finding a bootlace prey, using the powerful muscles to push the trunk. A hook on the end it grabs the prey.

Bootlace also produce a sticky mucus that essentially glue the worm to eat it. Then the bond itself around the prey like a ribbon on a birthday package. It can then attract prey through the mouth, just below the proboscis, and swallowed whole. So while looking for worms bootlace less virulent than some other sea dwellers long, persist in the same way – by gobbling up smaller ones.

Source By scienceandthesea

]]> http://www.scienceworm.com/bootlace-worm-27597/feed 3 http://www.scienceworm.com/ingredients-shampoo-hair-care-can-be-a-key-to-reducing-co2-emissions http://www.scienceworm.com/ingredients-shampoo-hair-care-can-be-a-key-to-reducing-co2-emissions#comments Tue, 16 Aug 2011 21:02:01 +0000 admin http://www.scienceworm.com/?p=5 Continue reading]]> Ingredients Shampoo Hair Care Can Be a Key To Reducing CO2 Emissions

Carbon dioxide capture technologies become important given the current global warming is happening requires technology that can reduce gas emissions into the atmosphere. It’s just that the technology is still expensive and inefficient.

In the 239th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society (ACS), Robert Perry and his colleagues explained that the coal-fired plants are the largest source of CO2 emissions. Than 8,000 existing coal power plants in the United States, as many as 2.8 billion tons of CO2 released into the atmosphere each year. Not to mention similar than 50,000 power plants worldwide.

Departing from this, Robert Perry, a chemist working with GE Global Research in Niskayun, New York, developed a material that in laboratory-scale testing is capable of absorbing more than 90% of CO2 is added into the system.

Aminosilikon, a material that can be found in shampoo hair care products, fabric softeners or flexible plastic that is resistant to high temperatures were developed further. Material in the form of the solution, the plan will be tested to absorb CO2 and then move it to a system that serves to separate CO2 from aminosilikon. Aminosilikon solution will then be recycled back to react with the gases from the chimney.

Researcher Institute of Aeronautics and Space Agency (LAPAN) assess the phenomenon of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) rather than as part of a scientific discussion (scientific, red). Because the existence of UFOs has never been scientifically proven.

“In the nomenclature of study space, the UFO was never entered as a scientific study,” said researcher LAPAN, Thomas Djamaludin, Tuesday (8 / 4).

Thomas acknowledges that there are some people who claimed to have witnessed or seen outer space objects shaped like hats and luminous, or any other form, and call it a UFO. In fact, from the information obtained by Reuters, in June, UFO hunters from all over Indonesia will gather in Jakarta to await the arrival of UFO sightings. In this regard, Thomas asserted, many testimonies from people who had seen the object space, called UFOs can never be proven scientifically. ‘Testimonies were more personal nature alone, “he said.

Some time ago, says Thomas, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has conducted a study to photograph an object that looks like a luminous and Apollo. Image object is photographed by one of the astronauts during the Apollo flights.

From studies of NASA, said Thomas, the object in the photograph was one part of the Apollo itself. Thus, he said, NASA has never had scientific proof of UFOs.

Thomas added, he had seen on the internet there are pictures alien being dissected by a group of scientists. Surprisingly, he said, if it did it really happened, why until now, there has never been a scientific paper that explains that.

“For the scientist, this is an achievement that can deliver it to obtain nobel. So, there may be hidden hide,” he said.

Even so, Thomas explains, in astronomical nomenclature, there was indeed a special study regarding the possibility of life outside Earth. The name of the study is Bio Astronomy.

But, he said, in a Bio Astronomy, the study focused on the possibilities of other life in outer space based on certain indicators that can indeed be proven to be life support.

According to Thomas, there is still some people who believe in UFOs is the right of the people. However, Thomas appealed, if there are people who witnessed the phenomenon of moving objects with space-like light, should be immediately reported to the “LAPAN”.

“Later, we will conduct a scientific study that can explain to the public,” he explained.

The position and role of youth increasingly crowded propagated. The records of their achievements in the past was opened, was referred, and reported back. Many have reported that fundamentally change always begins with the reaction and the sacrifice of the young idealists of the big issues. Target targeted propaganda is quite clear: to convince the world that the opportunity and trust wide open for the young bloods of fresh nan.

Sheila Kinkade and Christina Macy adds a long list of supporters. In Our Time is Now: Young People Changing the World, both predicted that the 21st century will belong to young people. This is hinted at by the increasingly influential role in a changing world. Through the book, narrated how dozens of young people throughout the community managed to improve and change for the better, far beyond what can the elderly do.

Actually, such an affirmation agenda not necessarily true. The youth have changed the world (at least least once). Not a small change that completely responsible, but a gigantic and fundamental changes. They do not move in the arena was thick with atmospheric valor. They move in spaces that cold and silent. They exist in the world that is often overlooked by the aura of heroism: the world of science.

Youth Changing the World

Let us withdraw needle time, and telisik what happened in Europe at 4.5 centuries ago. It was the dawn of the era bersemainya akalbudi. Two scientific treatise was inaugurated as the icon of the birth of a new era, On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus and On the Structure of the Human Body (1543) by Andreas Vesalius.

There are two special things in there. First, the modern spirit has been born and revolutionized the thinking model of old-fashioned style of the Middle Ages. Second, it is perhaps more surprising, Vesalius published On the Structure of seven volumes as thick as 29 years old. The youths Indonesia was able to undermine Dutch colonialism for 3.5 centuries has made the archipelago rust. However, through a detailed review of the particulars of human anatomy, Vesalius could deteriorate the existing paradigm mengurat-roots for over a millennium.

A century later, precisely in 1667, a young man by Alfred North Whitehead  as a symbol of success ever achieved the greatest intellectual of mankind. At the age of 25, the young man has spawned great ideas about how nature works. He was the originator of the calculus, the theory of optics, as well as motion and gravity despite his monumental work Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy at the newly published 1687.

The young man is Isaac Newton. He has built a world vision of the subject material nature, which allows us to calculate the smallest details of a particular event. Conception has been transformed into an object of fundamental character. Without conception, science (and other sense-based knowledge as we now know) abstruse can grow and develop.

The youths have not been satisfied until there. Throughout the 20th century, their contribution even more bigger. The most classy of course Albert Einstein. He published three revolutionary ideas at the age of 26, including the famous theory of special relativity it. Similar to Newton, Einstein’s ideas also spread to the realm of philosophy and overhaul the structure of human thought.In addition to Einstein, there is James Watson (25 years) who discovered the structure and workings of DNA. While in the field of quantum physics-the science that also such a large effect on world culture, we can find all sorts of figures of young Erwin Schrodinger (39 years), Louis de Broglie (31 years), Paul Dirac (26 years), Warner Heisenberg ( 24 years), and Wolfgang Pauli (25 years). For mathematics, the youth might be represented by John von Neumann (25 years) and Kurt Godel (25 years).

Given how remarkable scientific findings generated, false if the world did not ordain the 20th century as the century of science. And as has been described, not least of which is the result of efforts of young people. If Sheila Kinkade and Christina Macy newly predicted that the 21st century will belong to the youth, then the 20th century it was in their grasp.

Science and Age of Youth

Science and presumably younger age appeared closely related, although to find out precise details still needed a lot of studies. This was particularly evident in mathematics. For most people, 30 years is the gap between youth and adulthood. However, mathematicians tend to view it a little differently. For them, 30 years signify something much more grim.

An ambitious young mathematician looked at the calendar with the usual worries and anxiety that is equivalent or even greater than that felt by a model, actor, or athlete. It also did not escape the attention of GH Hardy, who then recorded it in the book The Mathematician’s Apology (1967). There, he wrote that his knowledge there was no first-class works of mathematics which could generated by mathematicians over the age of 50 years.

However, as the word mathematicians generally, concerns about the age most severe just before 30 years. Therefore, many who advised the geniuses beginners as hard as possible before the age of 30, whatever the outcome.

“I am inclined to think that we reached the top around the 30′s. I’m not saying you must be so. Hopefully you do not. But, I think, sometime after that you can not possibly do better. That’s my gut feeling, “says mathematician Paul Cohen. A similar tone comes from the Von Neumann, who used to say that the main mathematical abilities decline since about age 26. After that, he continued, mathematicians should be satisfied only by relying on ordinary intelligence a totally undistinguished.

Perhaps for that reason why Grace Fields Medal-the highest award in mathematics same prestisiusnya with Nobel Prize-only for mathematicians under the age of 40 years. Through grace, held once in four years, the Fields Medal seems deliberately designed to uphold the spirit of the young genius to immediately produce great works before swallowing old age, the age that was already difficult to accommodate the freshness, creativity, and originality of mind.

Thus, young bloods have established the main pillars of science, who then have a major impact for the establishment of world civilization. While many are increasingly cynical about the way he thinks that is considered more damaging, but sainslah already paved the way for the discovery of penicillin and sent men to the moon. And on that progress, we would not want to thank the young people.
To this end, we ask an important question deserves re: are the world need to be convinced again that refused to open greater opportunities to the youth? If still unsure, too, be prepared to witness a brilliant re-actions in various fields that will be presented next young passions. Who knew the prophecy Sheila Kinkade and Christina Macy really materialized: the 21st century (again) fully belong to the younger generation.